Effect of Yttrium Oxide Nanoparticles on Liver Fibrosis Induced by Carbon Tetrachloride in Male Rats.

Abstract

Yttrium oxide nanoparticles (Y2O3 NPs) are known as free radical absorbers. This study investigated the effects of Y2O3 NPs on antioxidant activities, liver enzymes, expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) genes, and histopathology in rat liver fibrosis. In this experimental study conducted in 2019 at Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran, male Wistar rats (200-220 g) were assigned to seven groups (n=8): Control, Vehicle, carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), Y2O3 45 mg/Kg, Y2O3 60 mg/Kg, CCl4+Y2O3 45 mg/Kg, and CCl4+Y2O3 60 mg/Kg. Liver fibrosis was induced by CCl4. Y2O3 NPs were administered intraperitoneally for 4 weeks. Blood and liver samples were collected for analyses. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS (version 21) by one-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test. P<0.05 was considered significant. The findings indicated catalas (3.00±0.21 vs. 21.46±0.70, 8.96±20 U/min/mg, P<0.001), superoxide dismutase (3.13±0.21 vs. 44.36±1.99, 37.59±0.77 U/mg, P<0.001), glutathione peroxidase (135.25±4.02 vs. 492.00±27.87, 322.75±8.75, U/mg, P<0.001) activities increased, while malondialdehyde (1.29±0.86 vs. 0.32±0.03 , 0.49±0.06 nmol/mL, P<0.001), aspartate aminotransferase (286.33±2.89 vs. 154.66±9.00, 178.00±7.35 U/L, P<0.001), alkaline phosphatase (645.00±16.62 vs. 497.66±9.87, 321.75±20.03 U/L, P<0.001), gamma-glutamyl transferase (619.00±23.45 vs. 349.66±29.95, 299.25±2541 U/L, P<0.001) levels decreased. TGF-β and α-SMA expression decreased in terated groups (6.40±0.23 to 4.19±0.55, P=0.012, 2.70±0.46 P=0.009, 13.77 ±0.44 to 7.94±0.54 P=0.002, 4.87±0.35 P=0.033). Histology evaluatuons confirmed reduced inflammation, steatosis, and collagen deposition in Y2O3-treated fibrotic rats. Y2O3 NPs can alleviate liver fibrosis in experiment.

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