Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling of acute hypoxia responses in Yesso scallop, Mizuhopecten yessoensis.

Abstract

Coastal hypoxia threatens the growth and survival of marine bivalves, but the coordinated molecular and metabolic responses of the Yesso scallop Mizuhopecten yessoensis remain incompletely understood. Here, RNA sequencing and untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry metabolomics were used to characterize changes in gill tissue after 24 h of acute hypoxia at a dissolved oxygen concentration of 1.0 ± 0.1 mg/L. Transcriptomic analysis identified 704 differentially expressed genes. Metabolomic screening using variable importance in projection (VIP) > 1 and an unadjusted P < 0.05 yielded 310 candidate metabolite features. These changes were associated with energy metabolism, redox regulation, immune-related signaling, and apoptosis- and cell-proliferation-related processes. The mTOR signaling pathway was nominally represented in both omics datasets based on unadjusted enrichment P values. Transcriptomic mTOR enrichment did not remain significant after multiple-testing correction, and no multiplicity-adjusted significance claim is made for the metabolomic pathway analysis; the overlap was therefore interpreted as exploratory. The results provide an integrated description of the acute hypoxia response in Yesso scallop and identify candidate molecular and metabolic features for subsequent functional investigation.

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