Synergistic phase and dopant engineering of TiO2 enables broad-pH electrochemical nitrate reduction to ammonia.

Abstract

Developing efficient nitrate-to-ammonia electrocatalysts across a broad pH range remains challenging. Herein, Fe-doped anatase TiO2 enables phase-dopant synergy, achieving high performance in acidic, neutral, and alkaline electrolytes. Mechanistically, Fe-anatase synergy promotes water dissociation and nitrate activation.

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