Cationic receptor-stabilized Ag nanoparticle-decorated carbon nanotubes for electrochemical monitoring of azamethiphos pesticide.

Abstract

Although organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) are frequently employed in agriculture and public health, there are significant environmental and health risks associated with their toxicity and persistence. Among them, azamethiphos (AMP) is notable for its propensity to bioaccumulate in the food chain, endangering human health and non-target creatures. This emphasizes the urgent need for a highly sensitive, selective, and trustworthy AMP detection method to guarantee environmental safety and environmental preservation. Here, we created an Ag/IL@CNT nanocomposite for electrochemical AMP detection using a straightforward reduction technique, and we validated its shape and structural characteristics using FESEM and PXRD. Even when structurally identical insecticides were present, the Ag/IL@CNT-modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) demonstrated good electrocatalytic activity and selectivity toward AMP. Electrochemical DPV measurements showed a linear detection range of 10-170 µM, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.45 µM and good linearity (R2 = 0.9930). The sensor also exhibited good reproducibility and operational stability. The analysis of spiked tap water and groundwater samples yielded a satisfactory recovery range of 92-107.5%, with a low relative standard deviation. Overall, the Ag/IL@CNT/GCE sensor provides a cost-effective, rapid, and robust platform for AMP detection over instrumental analysis, showing promising applicability for environmental monitoring, particularly in resource-limited settings.

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